All About the Technology Behind Satellite TV
It’s a good idea to understand how satellite TV works, it is the future of television after all.
Usually, highly elliptical or geostationary satellites that orbit above the earth’s equator are used for television relays. Satellite television begins by receiving transmission through antenna connected to the uplink facility. The dishes used in uplink satellites are considerably larger in size (about 30 to 40 feet diameter). This increased diameter leads in providing more accurate aiming and enhanced signal strength. Such uplink dish is positioned in a way that its faces toward a particular satellite. Signals from this uplink dish are transmitted within a particular frequency range. This enables the transponders tuned to similar frequency range to receive the signals. These received signals are then retransmitted by the transponder back to the earth with different frequency range.
This signal path – retransmitted by satellite and received by earth station – is known as the downlink. A satellite may have up to 32 transponders or 24 transponders for Ku-band and C-band only satellites respectively. A transponder has bandwidth of approximately 36 to 50 Mbits/s. Every geo-stationary C-band satellite is spaced 2 degrees from another satellite for preventing possibility of interference. 1 degree spacing is considered adequate for K band. It is evident from the above that there is a maximum limit of 360/2 = 180 and 360/1 = 360 for geostationary C-band satellites and geostationary Ku-band satellites respectively. Transmission received through C-band can be affected by the terrestrial interference while transmission received through Ku-band is susceptible to the water (rain).
A parabolic dish receives the signals transmitted by the downlink and reflects these signals back to the focal point of the dish. A device known as feed horn is mounted at the focal point of the dish. In fact, f the feed horn is a front-end section of a waveguide. This waveguide collects the signals at the focal point, conducts the signals towards pickup connected to an LBN (Low-noise block) down-converter. The main function of LNB is to amplify the signals, filter the frequencies and convert the frequency to a lower frequency range.
In earlier days Low Noise Amplifiers connected at dish’s focal point were used in C-Band satellite TV systems. During those periods, 50 Ohm impedance cables were used for sending the amplified signal to indoor receiver. These 50 Ohm coaxial cables were considered very expensive. To overcome the cost factor, micro strip based converters were adapted, for Amateur Radio frequencies, for the 4GHz C-Band. These designs were based on the centralized idea that blocks down-conversion of a frequency, to a lower frequency and technologically easy conversion of block of frequencies can be achieved through this design. To facilitate this, satellite dishes were fitted with an LNBF that can integrate the feed horn with the LNB. By using the latest technology, the conversion of signals to a desired output (data, television, audio etc) can be achieved easily. The satellite receiver also demodulates and converts the transmitted signals to desired form. At times, the receiver may include the responsibility of unscrambling or decrypting. Such receivers are known as integrated decoder/receiver. Usually, low loss type (like RG-6 or RG-10, etc) cables are used for connecting the receiver to LNB or LNBF.Written by David Johnson. Find more information onDish Network Dealsas well as details regardingDish Network Promotions
Article Source: http://www.simplysearch4it.com/article/51733.html
|
|
EUROMAC MODEL CX750/50 SINGLE STATION 50 TON CNC PUNCH $55,000.00 |
|
|
SOVIET MIR SPACE STATION 1:8 MODEL MUSEUM SIZE QUALITY $45,000.00 |
|
|
AlloyD 4 station rotary blister machine model 4SC 6/9 $15,000.00 |
|
|
Rondo Sheeter Model SSO 64C with Cutting Station $9,800.00 |
|
|
AlloyD 6 station rotary blister machine model 6SCBE $8,750.00 |
|
|
SPL Gain Station 8 Model 2383 8 Chan Mic & Preamp $6,299.10 |
|
|
NEW FOCUS, AFOP MODEL GYCW-4 FIBER OPTIC Work Station $5,500.00 |
|
|
ROTEX**16 STATION PUNCHING MACHINE**MODEL: 18A2.00**NO REASONABLE OFFER REFUSED* $5,220.00 |
|
|
Maxsys VSX Model 465 Satellite Test Station Load Bank $4,995.00 |
|
|
NEW FOCUS, AFOP MODEL GYCW-3 FIBER OPTIC Work Station $4,500.00 |
|
|
Resina single station chuck capper (retorquer) model LC $3,250.00 |
|
|
Pitco Frialator Double Fryer Model # F14S-CHHJQV with Service/Heat Station $3,200.00 |
|
|
MOTOROLA iDEN BASE STATION 800MHz 70WATT MODEL# T5417A $2,700.00 |
|
|
American Changer Corp. Token Dispensing Station, Model AC 2007, No Decals $2,500.00 |
|
|
Pitco Frialator Model # SE-14 with Service/Heat Station $2,200.00 |
|
|
IC752WTC402B GE Fanuc Display Station Model 2000 HMI Operator Panel $1,999.99 |
|
|
One Labconco Kjeldahl Distiller Model 60300 w/5 Individiual Controlled Stations $2,000.00 |
|
|
One Labconco Kjeldahl Distiller Model 60300 w/5 Individiual Controlled Stations $2,000.00 |
|
|
Holz-Her Model 1980 Free Standing Corner Rounding Station for edgebanded panel $2,000.00 |
|
|
Dexon Model MS55 Horizontal Laminar Work Station $1,999.99 |
|
|
Lot of 3 Stryker Model 4110-120 Modular Four Station Orthopedic Battery Chargers $1,800.00 |
|
|
NORWECO WASTEWATER PUMP UNIT SEWAGE LIFT Station SIMPLEX 2/5 HP PUMP MODEL SC104 $1,260.00 |
|
|
FOREST MEDICAL MODEL 5200 MOBILE DENTAL STATION $1,499.99 |
|
|
3M MODEL 711 DIGITAL CONVERSION STATION 3M LIBRARY SYSTEM $1,453.00 |
|
|
IC752SPL006 GE Fanuc Display Station Model 2020 HMI Operator Panel $1,399.99 |
|
|
FLIR 500-0393-00 DELUXE DUAL STATION KIT FOR M-SERIES Model 500-0393-00 $1,105.93 |
|
|
245×185 High Quality Infrared BGA Large Rework Station Model T-870A Ship From US $999.98 |
|
|
Used Visual 2 station manual seal machine model M2-1214 $999.95 |
|
|
MTS TESTSTAR Automated Station Conrtoller Model 490/490.xx $719.99 |
|
|
MOORE PRODUCTS MODEL 372 INDICATOR STATION $950.00 |
|
|
FLIR Standard 2nd Station Kit f/M Series Model# 500-0394-00 $959.88 |
|
|
Contamination Animal Control station Model 12 w/ filter Lab Hood $655.18 |
|
|
245×185 High Quality Infrared BGA Large Rework Station Model T-870A Ship From US $899.98 |
|
|
BGA rework station LY IR9000,IR6000 upgrade model,bga repair station, free ship $850.00 |
|
|
Kodak Image station 1000 Transillumination System MODEL is1000cf $750.00 |
|
|
EXTRACT-ALL Ductless Clean Air Station, Bench Top Model S-984-1 $699.99 |
|
|
FURUNO PB150 WEATHER STATION Model PB-150 $773.35 |
|
|
Studio Comm Model 55 w/ Remote – Studio Monitor Control Center-Central Station $700.00 |
|
|
Davis Wireless Vantage Pro2 Weather Station model 6153 $715.00 |
|
|
Davis Wireless Vantage Pro2 Weather Station model 6153 $715.00 |
|
|
New Geneva iPod iPhone FM Audio Docking Station Model S $699.99 |
|
|
Vintage Model 380 Upright Singer Sewing or Craft Station Armoire Cabinet $699.00 |
|
|
FURUNO FAP5011A SECOND STATION 3.6″ LCD DISPLAY Model FAP5011A $698.43 |
|
|
Play Station VITA Wi-fi model Crystal Black NIB PSL PCH-1000 ZA01 $694.70 |
|
|
TRTS Systems, TW Intercom Systems, model RMS300, user station $649.95 |
|
|
RTS Systems TW Intercom System, stereo user station, model RMS 320 $649.95 |
|
|
Foxboro M/67H aux station model 67HZG-1-OJ $600.00 |
|
|
Simrad AP16 Second Station Model# 22087399 $619.88 |
|
|
Maretron WSO100 NMEA Wind Weather Station Model# WSO100-01 $589.88 |
|
|
TOMTEC QUADRA 96 MODEL 260 PIPETTE STATION $500.00 |
|
|
New Hexacon Magnum Model 2300B Soldering Station $539.25 |
|
|
Vintage 1959 Revell Space Station Unbuilt Model Kit Mint in a Mint Box Very Nice $499.99 |
|
|
SAFLOK MODEL 1 EXTERNAL SYSTEM NETWORK INTERFACE COMMUNICATION STATION ENI 75420 $514.99 |
|
|
New Hexacon Magnum Model 2300 Soldering Station $509.36 |
|
|
1928 Ford Model A Station Wagon Print on Canvas 0400-8785 $499.00 |
|
|
NEW CABLE PULL SWITCH LEFT MOUNT PUSH BUTTON STATION MODEL XY2CE2A196H7 $469.99 |
|
|
DAVIS VANTAGE PRO2 WEATHER STATION WIRELESS VERSION Model 6152 $465.45 |
|
|
Novation K Station Analog Modeling Synthesizer VA Synth Keyboard MIDI Controller $449.99 |
|
|
NOS HY-GAIN Super Penetrator 500 5/8 wave base station CB antenna $349.00 |
|
|
NEW FLEX-LINK PNEUMATIC LOCATING STATION, MODEL XLPX 100 A $399.99 |
|
|
Norand Barcode ID Station Model RT5940 $400.00 |
|
|
New Hexacon Therm-O-Trac Model 1002 Soldering Station $399.45 |
|
|
DAVIS VANTAGE PRO2 WEATHER STATION WIRED VERSION Model 6152C $398.58 |
|
|
Sierra Micro Model 5062 Remote Station Tester $375.00 |
|
|
ROBINAIR REFRIGERANT RECOVERY & RECHARGING STATION MODEL 17600A $299.99 |
|
|
Magma Tournament Dock Cleaning Station 48″ Model# T10-449HDP $379.88 |
|
|
Davis Wireless Vantage Vue Weather Station Model 6250 $355.00 |
|
|
Davis Wireless Vantage Vue Weather Station Model 6250 $355.00 |
|
|
Irritrol P-6B Pedestal (For 18-48-Station Mc-E Models) $339.50 |
|
|
IBM IO Adapter Models 14x/17x Network Station (4 Connectors) 6611-A47 $339.36 |
|
|
IBM IO Adapter Models 14x/17x Network Station (4 Connectors) 10H4713 $339.36 |
|
|
IBM IO Adapter Models 14x/17x Network Station (4 Connectors) 73G3495 $339.36 |
|
|
IBM IO Adapter Models 14x/17x Network Station (4 Connectors) 73G3495D $339.36 |
|
|
CANAAN UNION STATION HO Model Railroad Structure Wood Laser Kit BT659 $329.95 |
|
|
Martin Yale 1501 Auto Paper Folder Model 1501X0 Paper Folding Station, S/N 20552 $279.00 |
|
|
Skylab Skylab1 Space Station Spaceship Wood Model BIG $290.00 |
|
|
Micros Work Station 3 model 400 412 POS Touchscreen Workstation Restaurant Bar $289.00 |
|
|
SPRINT AQUATICS SWIM ISLAND TOT DOCK STATION LEARN TEACHING SAFETY POOL 3′ MODEL $300.00 |
|
|
SPRINT AQUATICS SWIM ISLAND TOT DOCK STATION LEARN TEACHING SAFETY POOL 4′ MODEL $300.00 |
|
|
SPRINT AQUATICS SWIM ISLAND TOT DOCK STATION LEARN TEACHING SAFETY POOL 5′ MODEL $300.00 |
|
|
Lonestar Genway Model DNS7 Video Door Intercom with 2 Monitor Stations $300.00 |
|
|
Ford Dealers Product Guide 1960 Model Dealer Facts Book $299.00 |
|
|
NEW HP DESIGNJET SERVICE STATION Q1273-60255 FOR 4000 4500 MODEL $299.00 |
|
|
Fendall Porta Stream II Emergency Eye wash Station Model 23000 16 Gallon New $249.99 |
|
|
Danbury Mint diecast 1/24 1931 Ford Model A Station Wagon Manila Brown $265.99 |
|
|
Waters Pico Tag Model 1217 Vacuum Station $245.00 |
|
|
PolyPlanar Docking Station f/iPod Model# IBOAT $279.88 |
|
|
Model S984 Extract-All Bench Top Clean Air Station $276.25 |
|
|
RedLion :: Data Station Plus :: GT MODEL $275.00 |
|
|
METCAL SP440 Desoldering Station Model SP-PW3-11 $275.00 |
|
|
Cadmos ISS Space Station Spacecraft Mahogany Wood Model $223.99 |
|
|
Irritrol P-2B Pedestal (For 4-12-Station Mc-E Models) $270.47 |
|
|
KAYLINE Waxing Station Model W80 Paraffin Service Stand $243.95 |
|
|
Armageddon Russian Space Station Spacecraft Wood Model $223.99 |
|
|
Duct O Wire Model RPS Pushbutton Pendant Station NEW-NO BOX $260.00 |
|
|
NEW IBM Lenovo ThinkPad X220 & Tablet Models Ultrabase Series 3 Docking Station $175.83 |
|
|
Stratagene Pressure Control Station – Model No. 60061 $219.99 |
|
|
Space Station Battle of Planets Spacecraft Wood Model $202.39 |
|
|
Jupiter Station Star Trek Spaceship Mahogany Wood Model $202.39 |
|
|
Qomar Space Station Star Trek Spacecraft Wood Model New $202.39 |
